Proceedings of the XLVII Italian
Society of Agricultural Genetics - SIGA Annual Congress
Verona,
Italy - 24/27 September, 2003
ISBN 88-900622-4-X
Poster
Abstract - 5.38
DEVELOPMENT
OF A EUROPEAN COMMON BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) CORE COLLECTION BASED ON PHASEOLINE
ELECTROPHORETIC PATTERNS
P. MASI, G. LOGOZZO, M.A. DILUCA, M.
RUBINO, P.L. SPAGNOLETTI ZEULI
Dept.
Biologia Difesa e Biotecnologie Agroforestali, Università degli Studi
della Basilicata, Potenza
Phaseolus
vulgaris, phaseoline, gene pool, core collection
Archaeo-morphological,
biochemical and molecular evidence suggest that common bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L) was separately domesticated in Andean and
Mesoamerican centres (Gepts, 1988; Delgado-Salinas et al. 1988; Gepts and
Debouck, 1991).
Particularly,
electrophoretic analysis of phaseoline, the major seed storage proteins,
permitted to discriminate the two gene pools: Andean (“T” and
“C” type) and Mesoamerican (“S” type) ones.
At
different times both gene pools Meso-american and Andean were introduced in
Europe as confirmed by phaseoline patterns. The distribution of genetic
diversity on the basis of Meso-american and Andean germoplasm in Europe is
poorly known.
In
this study a collection of 544 European accessions of common bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L) from several genebanks (IPK, NGB, CUB, ANP, etc.)
was analysed using SDS-PAGE phaseoline patterns (Romero et al., 1975).
Over
all, the 76.3 % of accessions is from Andean gene pool (45.59% phaseoline type
“T” and 30.70% type “C”) and the remaining is from
Mesoamerica (type “S”).
As
reported by other authors (Gepts, 1988) we found that phaseoline type
“C” from Andean gene pool is the most frequent both in Italian and
Iberian accessions. Type “T” is the most frequent Andean type among
accessions from other origins. the Type “S” (from Mesoamerican gene
pool) did show high frequencies (32.5%) in the germplasm from eastern-Europe
and about 50% of type “S” from southeast Europe group are from
Albania.
These
results, in agreement with the previous studies, show a different contribution
of the two American gene pools to
the colonization of Europe and the high adaptive ability of this species.
On
the basis of phaseoline type frequencies and country of origin a “core” collection of 300
accessions has been constituted representing the contribute of American gene
pools to European germplasm.